Impact of Nurse Leaders Behaviors on Nursing Staff Performance: A Systematic Review of Literature.

Nursing leadership is critical in facilitating and improving nurse performance, which is essential for providing quality care and ensuring patient safety. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between nursing leadership and nurse performance by understanding the leadership behaviors and factors that motivate nurses to perform well. To study the factors that nurses believe motivate them to perform better, a systematic review was undertaken, correlating these factors to leadership behaviors/styles. The PRISMA guidelines were followed to identify relevant articles. After applying the selection criteria, 11 articles were included in the final analysis. Overall, 51 elements that influence nurses' motivation to perform better were found and categorized into 6 categories, including autonomy, competencies, relatedness, individual nursing characteristics, relationships and support, and leadership styles/practices. It has been discovered that both direct and indirect nursing leadership behaviors affect nurses' performance. A better understanding of the factors that motivate nurses to perform well and facilitating them in the work environment through leadership behaviors/styles can improve nurses' performance. There is a need to increase research on nurse leadership and nurses' performance in the current innovative and technologically integrated work environment to identify new factors of influence.

Nurses' Perceived Facilitators of Research Utilisation in a Multicultural Setting in Saudi Arabia: Observational Study.

Facilitators of research utilisation are important in the implementation of evidence-based practice. Numerous facilitators for nursing practice have been identified, but knowledge of the impact of demographic characteristics on these enablers of research utilisation is limited. The study's aim was to determine nurses' perceptions of the facilitators of research utilisation and assess differences in the facilitator of research utilisation score based on nurses' demographic characteristics. A total of 2650 registered nurses from five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were recruited for participation. A facilitator scale and self-designed demographic survey were used for data collection. The number of completed questionnaires was 1824 (69%). The results showed that many of the participants were female, aged between 20 to 40 years, and were expatriates mainly from the Philippines. Most respondents were clinical nurses with 6 to 10 years of experience. Many of the nurses had a bachelor's degree and a qualification from the Asian region. The mean total facilitator score was 26.1, with strong facilitators of research, including advanced education, providing colleague support, more clinically focused research and employing nurses with research skills. Recommendations for the facilitation of research utilisation include a strengthening of the research curriculum in nursing education programs as well as through continuing professional education.

Adherence of Type 2 Diabetic Patients to Self-Care Activity: Tertiary Care Setting in Saudi Arabia.

AIM: To analyse the prevalence of self-care practices in T2D patients in KSA. METHODS: The study was conducted in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Saudi Arabia, and 385 patients were selected as samples. Data were collected using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities-Arabic (SDSCA) and consisted of 14 items related to self-care activities of T2D patients related to management and control of disease and four other aspects related to education and advice from healthcare members regarding management of T2D. RESULTS: The self-care attributes including adherence to medication commitment activities (M = 6.13, SD = 1.25) were the most practised of all the domains. Glucose monitoring (M = 4.15, SD = 2.42) and foot care (M = 3.28, SD = 1.69) were at an average level, and adherence to the diet plan and exercise was found to be at a poor level (M = 2.57, SD = 1.73 and M = 2.13, SD = 2.00) respectively. About 179 patients (74.3%) were found to be advised to follow a low-fat eating plan, and only 89 patients (36.9%) had received information concerning fruits and vegetables in their diet. More than 90% patients were found to be advised to strictly carry out exercise and blood sugar monitoring. CONCLUSION: It was found that adherence to self-care activities including diet, exercise, and foot care was relatively poor while intake of medication was strictly followed. The education provided by healthcare providers related to self-management attributes was found to be significant and had positive effects on the overall health and well-being of T2D patients.

Nurses' attitudes towards diabetes in tertiary care: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: To evaluate the attitude and training of nurses in Saudi Arabia towards the care of patients with diabetes. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: Data were collected in 2016 from 1,695 participants at the King Fahad Medical City using the Diabetes Attitude Scale version 3. RESULTS: Most nurses had not received diabetes training. The agreement score of nurses for the requirement of special training for the management of diabetes is high; the survey found that most nurses were aware of the psychological effect of diabetes. However, the low agreement regarding the perception of the seriousness of diabetes among nurses and the valuing of self-care attributes such as tight control of glycaemic level in patients with diabetes indicates the need for diabetes training.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Revised Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (V.2016) in Arabic: Translation and Validation.

Objective. To translate the revised Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test into the Arabic language and examine its psychometric properties. Setting. Of the 139 participants recruited through King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 34 agreed to the second-round sample for retesting purposes. Methods. The translation process followed the World Health Organization's guidelines for the translation and adaptation of instruments. All translations were examined for their validity and reliability. Results. The translation process revealed excellent results throughout all stages. The Arabic version received 0.75 for internal consistency via Cronbach's alpha test and excellent outcomes in terms of the test-retest reliability of the instrument with a mean of 0.90 infraclass correlation coefficient. It also received positive content validity index scores. The item-level content validity index for all instrument scales fell between 0.83 and 1 with a mean scale-level index of 0.96. Conclusion. The Arabic version is proven to be a reliable and valid measure of patient's knowledge that is ready to be used in clinical practices.

Quantitative study of oncology nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards pain management in Saudi Arabian hospitals.

UNLABELLED: Pain is an unpleasant human experience, often associated with underlying medical conditions, and a key reason for individuals experiencing pain to seek medical advice. However, the pain experience is unique and subjective, and affects people's quality of life, as well as impacting on their concerned family members. Optimal pain management requires adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, and competent pain assessment measures. It has been reported that oncology nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) have inadequate knowledge, assessment skills and management of pain. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to examine nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management in Saudi Arabian hospitals (SA). METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 320 nurses exhibiting considerable racial, cultural, religious and professional diversity, working in oncology units at five hospitals in the KSA. Self-completed survey questionnaires were distributed using the 'Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain' (KASRP) tool. RESULTS: The nurses exhibited a relatively poor overall knowledge of pain management (mean score = 45.1%; 95% CI = 43.9%, 46.2%). The mean KASRP scores varied significantly at α = 0.05 with respect to the nurses' nationality, whether they had attended pain-related courses, and whether they had participated in research. CONCLUSION: The results indicate the urgency needed to reform pain management education for oncology nurses in the KSA.

Swaziland rural maternal care: Ethnography of the interface of custom and biomedicine.

A retrospective ethnographic enquiry was used to examine the values and beliefs that underpin Swazi women's birth practices during pregnancy, labour, birth and the postnatal period. An unstructured interview guide was used to conduct 15 one-to-one audio-taped interviews in the field. Results revealed that although Swazi women embraced modern biomedical practices, they also largely adhered to customary practices, including use of traditional model of causation of illness, and the use of traditional medicines during childbirth. Recommendations include parallel antenatal education, which gives credence to the customs within the context of scientific modernity. In addition, changes are needed to public health policy that allows parallel systems of care to be delivered within the context of community midwifery practice.